Stuck in the hatch 1

If I was going to design a submarine based on my experiences, I would design one with an extra hatch between each compartment. Logically, a real bubble head might question the wisdom of such a hatch since it might impede our ability to maintain watertight integrity under normal circumstances. If you have ever seen a submarine movie where they were under attack by an enemy above, you would have a real appreciation for the need to minimize watertight integrity.

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In a shipyard or pier-side availability however, those considerations seem less important to the planners and workers who invade your happy little domain. Almost as quickly as the off going crew leaves the pitiful duty section to their fate, invaders start showing up in the boat. They bring with them hoses, wiring, temporary lighting, air ducts and any number of necessary but annoying items which clog an otherwise suitable hatch between compartments.

These things appear so quickly you almost have no chance to react. The results for the poor roving watches, below decks watches and other helpless victims are that passage becomes a real pain in the backside. It also means that your fear factor is increased. During normal operations, sub sailors are trained time after time to close those very hatches and now they are being asked to accept that the hatches are no longer able to be closed.

You instinctively know its wrong, but you try and ignore the danger. You fill out your log sheets and say “All conditions normal” knowing perfectly well they aren’t. The worst thing of all is at the heighth of the chaos, it is entirely possible that a sailor might become stuck in the hatch.

I am involved in a thing called "turnaround" at the chemical plant I am working at as a lean engineer. The local folks keep saying how chaotic and crazy it is with hoses and wires and scaffolding all over the place. There are red and yellow tags attached to a hundred valves and work permits are flying like snow. I am actually the only one who seems like its no big deal. My plant manager asked me how I could be so calm… I answered him "Listen, I have been in fifteen shipyards doing everything from new construction to a complete overhaul of a twenty five year old boat. this ain’t nothing". He looked at me and said "How can you say that?" I answered, "Look at all the freaking space you have man… I haven’t had to climb through one watertight hatch all day today that was clogged with ventilation lines, air lines, added lighting, and fire hoses. This is a walk in the park"

I hope you had one good memory from the post today. I am grateful for the fact that in all those years, a whole lot of professional people kept the boats I sailed in safe and working. Its funny how you take that for granted so much.

Mister Mac

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Question: What the hell does No Ka oi really mean????????

(Hey, I’m just kiddin brah… I know it means no poi today)

PQ 17 July 4th 1942… 2132… “Scatter” 3

The summer of 1942 was not just a horrible time for merchant shipping long the east coast of the United States, it was also one of significant losses in the Atlantic

U-boats were coming out in larger and larger numbers and even the convoy systems were being tested to the limits with the existing escorts. Russia had finally entered the war on the side of the Allies and was facing tremendous pressure on the home front from rapidly advancing German armies. Stalin knew that his survival now rested with supplies from the allied forces and he demanded that they provide him with the tools and weapons to defend the Motherland.

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PQ 17 was one of the first joint convoys that combined units of the British fleet with American fighting ships and escorts. On June 27th, the assembled ships left for the Soviet Union and because of a number of factors, suffered a special type of hell for the next ten days. In the words of Admiral Dan Gallery, the man who orchestrated the later capture of the U-505 submarine, this incident was a “shameful page in naval history”.

Some of the factors which contributed to the disaster were the weather and light conditions. At that time of year, the light stays bright much longer. On my first trip to Sweden during the month of late June I had been told to expect a different type of evening but as I lay in bed at 2330 that first night, I was amazed at how much light still remained. This light would make it  much harder for the ill-fated convoy to escape the marauding planes from the Luftwaffe.

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The second major influence was the number of U-boats that were on patrol in the area. German U-boats were strategically placed to support all of the raids of the convoy through the Arctic and their damage was both effective and efficient in carving away the number of ships that were in the convoy.

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The third concern at that point in the war was that the Germans had superiority in the air. The flying squadrons of the Luftwaffe were placed well along the lines of the convoy’s run and there were no escorting carriers available of any number to counter the relentless air attacks.The air forces also could be used to direct submarine attacks and control how the survivors would be chopped to pieces.

The major threat in the eyes of the Admiralty though was the presence in Norwegian waters of the German battleships Tirpitz, Lutzow & Admiral Scheer and cruiser Hipper. Up to the night of the fourth of July, air raids and submarine attacks had already taken a toll. Faulty intelligence sealed the fate of the doomed convoy. First Sea Lord Pound received word that the major German ships may have sailed and were on their way to destroy the remaining convoy and her escorts. Escorts and warship were still in very short supply this early in the war and the fateful orders were passed at 21:36 for the convoy to “Scatter” and make their way as best they could to the Russian ports.

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The German surface forces never arrived. It was too late for the hapless merchant ships that were left to fend for themselves. The Allied merchant ships became easy targets for the U-boats and aircraft. During the course of the day on the fifth of July, torpedo bombers sink 5 merchant ships and British rescue ship Zaafaran while several others are damaged. U-88 and U-703 each sink 2 while U-334 and U-456 sink 1 each, including several vessels damaged or stopped by the bombers.

In all 26 of the 39 merchant ships were lost to the slaughter.

Thousands of vehicles and hundreds of tanks and planes were lost not to mention the poor crewmen who manned the ships. The British high command recognized that it could not sustain that loss rate and support Operation Torch in North Africa so they suspend further convoys for a time. Stalin was furious and even accused his Allies of making up the entire affair in order to let him fail in the face of the German onslaught.

Prime Minister Winston Churchill called the event  "one of the most melancholy naval episodes in the whole of the war." A later  inquiry assigned no blame to anyone, since orders were issued by the First Sea Lord. American Admiral King distrusted the British in the early days of the war and diverted the next convoy to the Pacific where the Americans controlled the escort ships directly. It would take many months for trust to be rebuilt between the Allies and even then it was trust with strings attached.

An interesting viewpoint for the battle can be found here: http://www.pq17.eclipse.co.uk/index.html

From the Diary of Engine Room Artificer Jack Bowman

Saturday, July 4th. | FATAL DAY German planes still making swoops at us, and shadowing. At 1800 suddenly the sky is black with bombers and the attack is on. It was a small hell let loose. As far as is known, all these were carrying tinfish. One of the merchant ships, it must have been an oiler, sank within five seconds. Soon the sea was covered with boats and rafts and bodies. As far as I know, three ships were sunk and some abandoned, but later were boarded again (note 3). All this time neither cruisers, battleships, or aircraft from the carrier came to our assistance. I suppose they were looking for the German fleet. Later on the Admiralty signaled all destroyers to leave the convoy and try to engage the Germans. The convoy was to split up, every man for himself. We seemed to be in a very hopeless situation. Soon ships seemed to be racing in every direction. Our captain decided to go north. Two or three followed us.”

Sunday, July 5th. By this morning we could get no further because of icefields. We are 15 degrees off the North Pole. What a sight! Icebergs as big as Orrest Head (note 5), all a lovely bluey-green, covered with arctic birds. I think we have covered about 200 miles trying to get round these icefields. At 1600 another Admiralty signal. Two German battlewagons and eight destroyers were likely to intercept that night, or early morning. Imagine our feelings. By this time we were beginning to lose hope. Remember that we had never had our clothes off for a week, and nerves were becoming taut. I never lost hope myself, but felt very sorry for one of my stokers whose nerve has gone. I was prepared, if given the chance, to sell my life very dearly. My only regrets were those I loved at home. A fog set in and we must have lost the fleet.”

Seventy years ago the radio waves were filled with the cso0unds of desperate merchantmen calling out over their band. "Am being bombed by a large number of planes", "On fire in the ice", "Abandoning ship", "Six U-boats approaching on the surface.”

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As the crews drowned in the icy waters or burned on ships that had been left helpless to a pursuing enemy, I wonder what their last thoughts would have been. I can’t help but think some of them wondered “Why”? before the sunk below the waves.

As I look at our defensive situation today, I am more and more worried about that question as well.

Politicians with other priorities in the past forty years have already allowed our merchant fleet to be dissolved. Our shipbuilding industry has been crippled by outsourcing on a scale that is too massive to understand by most. As newer threats emerge, our fleet is designed to fight a completely different war. Would we be able to manage safe passage for the ships that provide us with the oil and other vital resources that keep our country moving forward? Or will we find ourselves on some night in July ordering the hapless unarmed ships carrying those supplies to “Scatter”

I hope we never have to find out. I hear the Iranians are planning a nuclear submarine.

Mister Mac

Bluejackets Manual, eighteenth edition, 1968 (Third Printing, September 1969) 3

I’m sure I have mentioned it before but I have a modest collection of Bluejackets Manuals dating back to the early 1900’s.

I started out with my Grandfather Parkin’s manuals from the Second World War. From that time, I have added them as I find them in old book stores, sea ports, and Army Navy stores. There is a very nice one in Palmyra PA if you happen to be driving through town but make sure you don’t park in the “Precious Puppies” parking lot out back. The lady that does the grooming will give you an honest to goodness stink eye.

Today I picked up one that I did not have before, the Eighteenth Edition.

This particular version was one of the light blue hardbacks, large print on page numbering and in remarkably good shape. Most of the manuals I find from places like today have pages that are a bit browned from being stored in a basement somewhere. They ended up in his store after someone passed away or maybe just on a wholesale house cleaning. After all, unless your day to day life involves tying knots or small boat handling, the BJM probably doesn’t have much value for you.

I like the submarine sections of the BJM through the years.

You can really get a feel for submarine development by reading the sections that discuss current and future trends. In 1968, nuclear submarines were the main topic.

“The fleet ballistic missile and nuclear propulsion have given the submarine a new place in the defense of the United States. To help discourage an attempted sneak attack on the country, our FBM submarines are kept constantly on station beneath the sea, ready to answer such an attack with an immediate and devastating counterpunch. Our attack submarines are designed to find and destroy enemy subs or surface ships which might launch missiles against us.”

The memory of the sneak attack on Pearl Harbor was engrained in the Navy’s and the country’s DNA.

The generation of leaders in 1968 in many cases were the young Ensigns and Seamen so sneak attacks were a very real threat. With the advent of the Soviet missile fleet, this threat was very real. In many senses of the word, we were still at war.

The Navy was gearing up for the conflict it hoped to never fight.

“By 1970 the Navy expects to have a fleet of of 100 nuclear powered submarines, 41 of which will be armed with Polaris ballistic missiles. However there are still a large number of conventionally powered “fleet types” in the active Navy”

Mention is made of the Barbel class boats as the last conventionally powered submarines added to the fleet at large. The Nautilus is mentioned as the first nuclear powered boat followed by the four ships of the Skate Class and six of the Skipjack class. The last of the Skipjack Class was of course the USS Scorpion. She was launched on 19 December 1959, sponsored by Mrs. Elizabeth S. Morrison (daughter of the last commander of the World War II-era USS Scorpion, which had been lost with all hands in 1944), and commissioned on 29 July 1960, Commander Norman B. Bessac in command.

The article goes on to report “the largest group of SSNs will eventually be the ships of the Permit (SSN 594) Class, the first of which were completed in 1962. These ships are armed with both torpedoes and SUBROC, an antisubmarine missile which can be fired from a torpedo tube, take to the air in a ballistic trajectory and return to the water miles away to become a submarine hunting torpedo.”

The Scorpion was engaged in submarine warfare development activities in the Atlantic when she was lost.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Scorpion_(SSN-589)

Most boat sailors who know the back stories know that the original Scorpion hull was used for the rapid development of the USS George Washington SSBN 598. The name Scorpion was shifted to the hull which became the boat all of us commemorate each May.

The Eighteenth Edition of the BJM that I have was actually printed in September of 1969. There is no mention of the Scorpion’s loss.  While the mix of submarines by the early seventies is covered in great detail in the Nineteenth Edition (mine in boot camp), there is still no mention of the loss of the Scorpion. Maybe they didn’t want to scare us.

The Nineteenth BJM does have an interesting take on submariners though;

“Submarine duty is different than anything else in the Navy; it requires a special temperament which not all possess.”

From my humble experience, I would have to agree.

The Silent Service

The USS Thresher’s loss finally shows up for the first time in the Naval History section in the twentieth edition of the Blue Jacket’s manual. That was the edition published in 1978 which glowingly talked about the Los Angeles Class and Ohio class boats. Fifteen years. Still no mention of the Scorpion.

The latest version of the BJM in my collection is from my nephew EM1/SS. The Scorpion is still not listed in the historical section of the book. I had never even thought about it until today. That’s kind of sad. Maybe someone who has a more current one can check and see if she has shown up yet.

Did you ever forget something after it was too late to do anything about it? Mine is the sound of my Dad’s voice telling me to be a good person. I can hear the words, but I can’t reproduce the sound no matter how hard I try. I also can’t remember what the Scorpion plaque in the forward escape truck looks like on the George Washington. As an A-ganger doing PM’s, I surely must have seen it. But for the life of me, I can’t remember it.

I hope the lost souls of that boat and their families know that even though the Navy’s Blue Jackets Manual doesn’t remember them, most of us still do. God Rest their souls.

Mister Mac

By the way, if for some reason I am mistaken about the BJM not mentioning the loss, I will issue a formal apology. Maybe I just got the only copies of the 18th to the 22nd Editions that cover the years 1969 – 2000 that didn’t mention them.

SSN 711 2

Reblogged from theleansubmariner:

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Seven years ago, an event happened on the USS San Francisco that serves as a reminder that even in this day of modern technology and science, the ocean is still mightier in its capability to test man’s limitations. On January 8th 2005 at 0243 GMY, she collided with a sea mount resulting in massive damage to the bow section, 23 were wounded as a result of the collision and the tragic death of MM2/SS Joseph Allen Ashley of Akron Ohio occured the next day as a result of his wounds.

Read more… 798 more words

As much as today (April 24) is a day of remembering the great things about the 711 Boat, I thought is was good to also reblog one of the earlier blogs about the heroic crew that saved her (and the one who gave his all).

3800 of the best and brightest 3

Yesterday was Pennsylvania’s annual FBLA conference. The three training sessions were great! The young people who attended were very engaged and challenged me on some very good points. The subject was leadership but covered three areas that I feel from my education and experience are important to developing yourself and others. Those three things are Tenacity, Competence and Communication. I had some very special moments mixed in among an otherwise outstanding morning.

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My favorite moment was when a very sharp young lady came up to me after the third session. In my bio, they had included my role as a Naval officer. She walked up to me and said, Mr. Mac, I wanted to thank you for your service. Then she hit me with the second shot: she had already been notified that she was accepted to the Naval Academy later this year and she was excited about continuing the legacy.

I looked at this young woman and saw my country’s future. She already carries herself well and has the “right stuff” so I know she will do well. All of the young people we worked with yesterday had poise and were respectful. Then she hit me with the best part. “Mr. Mac, I have already decided that since I like science and math, I want to be on submarines.” I am proud that we have Americans that still see the value of serving this great land.

Seeing so many young people wearing respectable suits and competing in programs like business plans, finances, public speaking, responsibility and so on reminded me that this is still a great country. I know its not perfect and I know there are probably as many kids who would just as soon play Angry Birds than put themselves out there. But for two days in Central Pennsylvania, I got a personal reminder that we still have a fighting chance.

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God Bless those kids and God Bless America

Trainer Mac

One of the greatest men I ever knew… Uncle Jack 4

I am a traditionalist and still believe in the idea that you respect your elders. The elders I am referring to came from a different time (in my case most were of the World War 2 generation). Jack Stuart Patrick was no exception. Like all men, he had parts of his life that he lived with little fanfare. While he lived during World War 2, Jack never went away to war. He tried, but they kept sending him back to his job. I know it was hard for him because of all the other men like my Dad who were sent to far away places. But his job as a machinist in the industry around McKeesport kept him from going anywhere.

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In later life, he was a stand up guy who raised a beautiful family. His religious beliefs never needed to be displayed, they were lived. He was humble and quiet and never revealed anything too much about his work. Some things I found out later (after his death of course) was his contribution to this country. He worked at Westinghouse at the Bettis facility. Without his work, the USS Nautilus (and all other boats that followed) would not have been completed with such a high level of efficiency. He never once bragged about it, even on all the boats I rode before retiring.

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Thanks for your example Uncle Jack. Funny thing, I can never think about calling him anything else, even years after his death.

For those of us with nephews and some nieces in the next generation…

I have some not so good news for you. While I have a few nephews/nieces who are very deferential and respectful, I had one remind me last night that the old bonds no longer mean much to some of them. One of my “next generations” got married recently and announced it happily on Facebook without formally letting any of the rest of us know in a more traditional way.  I thought I had the right to mention in a private note that he was not being very thoughtful in the way he chose to announce it.

It only took a little while for him to respond on his mobile device that I was not only completely wrong but I should wait until I had my own children to offer anyone any advice and that in the meantime I should get my head out of my ass.

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Since he had such a manly response (he’s 28 now going on twelve) I responded in a very unkind way and have decided that my services as an uncle are hereby officially discharged in his case. Its not the first time I have been blasted by one of the next generationers.  In the past few years I have found that I must have slept through their entire childhoods since anytime I have tried to offer a few pieces of what I thought were obvious pearls of wisdom, it has resulted in other hurtful outbursts. Apparently with a few exceptions, the next generation is the most intelligent, insightful, knowledgeable and sensitive people that have ever lived. (Note to the actual most intelligient and caring ones… please accept my humble apologies… its not about you).

The part that kind of irritates me is that I was there the day he was born.

I was there through much of his pre-teen years in one way or another and our walls and albums at home are covered with pictures of the kids. We babysat them (for free) while Mom and Dad were off in other places, we took them to ice skating shows, movies, dinners, camping and on and on. We never once asked for any payment or rewards. It was just part of being an uncle and aunt. It was a joy for us, especially since we were never able to have kids of our own.

By this time in our life, it is a simple understanding that we were given different tasks since biologically (even with operations) we were not able to have kids. There were a lot of sleepless nights along the way, a lot of pain from the surgeries, and the typical sadness from not having someone to carry on our name.

After last night, I am kind of glad.

If I had ever heard that any son of mine had told a relative to get their head out of their ass, I am not sure what my reaction would be. Probably not good. Instead, I am just as glad to never have been a father than to have raised someone with that little regard for people who have done so much for him along the way.

God Bless the Nephews and Nieces that have brought so much joy to our lives. God bless them for letting us add a little good to their lives. Things have a way of coming around to those who have failed to learn life’s little basics.

Uncle Mac

Note to self: Facebook seems to empower people to do stupid things. Maybe its time to check out and it certainly is time to start narrowing down the list of people you may once have called “Friends”.

Fenian Ram: The Green Submarine Reply

Any submariner worth his salt has heard of a good Irishman named John Phillip Holland and his submarine design changed the way wars would be fought at sea forever.

On April 11, 1900 the United States Navy purchased his boat and named it the USS Holland. (For submarine purists, please take note that the first submarine was named after a living person and not a fish).

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There was a long path for Holland to get to the point where his boats would gain acceptance. His initial design in 1875 was turned down by the US Navy as unacceptable. The little Irishman was determined to succeed however and with the aid of some good friends, continued his designing refinement.

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This is where it gets interesting.

The “friends” that funded him were from a group called the Fenian Brotherhood which was the American equivalent to the Irish Republican brotherhood. Their real goal was to have him create a submersible that could be used against the hated British. The English occupation of Ireland had started as far back as 1169 and had been fiercely resisted throughout the years that followed. This little invention was going to give the Irish their first real weapon to attack the world’s greatest navy.

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The Ram was launched in 1881 (almost twenty years before the American Navy got their first one) and trials soon followed. For its tie, it was a remarkable design. Holland had equipped it to take advantage of buoyancy in its maneuverability. It also had a crude torpedo system that gave it a remarkable capability. The whole story can be found here:  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenian_Ram

Holland conducted extensive tests of the boat including firing the tube with dummy projectiles. The Irish were on their way to having a secret weapon that would certainly gain the attention of the world once it got to its new home.

  • Displacement: 19 tons
  • Length: 9.4 metres (31 ft)
  • Diameter: 1.8 metres (5.9 ft)
  • Test depth: 18 metres (59 ft)
  • Complement: 3 men: operator, engineer, gunner
  • Armament: 230 mm (9 in) pneumatic gun
The project took a bad turn though since the Brothers were slow in paying Holland for his work.

A dispute followed and the Irish stole the submarine from Holland and took her to New Haven CT. This is when they discovered that no one actually knew how to run the thing. They approached Holland once more and he refused to help. The little submarine that would change the world would have to wait for another time and another Navy. The prototype changed hands a few times but eventually ended up in a museum in Paterson NJ.

The Irish would remain under English rule for a few more decades. The Easter uprising of 1916 created a climate for change. The Dáil (Irish Parliament) was formed on 21st January 1919 and independence was declared.

The last question remains, as Ireland gained its independence, why didn’t they pursue their own submarine fleet? They had already seen the value of submarines in a conflict with England and submarines would be relatively cheap to build.

The answer comes from a relatively obscure set of negotiations between the Irish and the British. Submarines were indeed on the discussion menu.

The following sections are from the notes of Michael Collins, one of the heroes of the Irish Revolution:

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" It was in the midst of our consideration of the defence clauses in the British proposals. Mr. Lloyd George made it quite clear to us that the British people could not, or would not, for the sake of their own safety, allow any Irish Government to build submarines. England did not mind if we built a dreadnought or two, a battleship or two although these concessions do not appear in the signed Treaty. In fighting for vital concessions we were not weakening our position by claiming anything so obviously useless as the right to build and man a few capital ships ! It must be apparent to everyone that to do such a ridiculous thing would be to play England’s game.

" We could indulge our vanity if we were foolish enough to waste public funds in such a manner by having an infant navy that could never mean anything at all to the British sea power BUT WE COULD NOT HAVE ONE SUBMARINE ! SUBMARINES ARE CHEAP TO BUILD AND REQUIRE FEW MEN TO OPERATE THEM ! SUBMARINES ARE A REAL MENACE TO ENGLAND

" I fought my best to try to argue the point. ‘ After all I said to the British Prime Minister, ‘, Ireland could never hope to wage an aggressive war against England.’ Restricting our offensive armament seemed to me on a par with muzzling a Skye terrier. ‘ ‘ Submarines replied Mr. Lloyd George, ‘ are the flying columns of the seas.’ He looked at me straight as he said this, and slowly a twinkle came into his eyes. Then he spoke again. ‘ And I am sure,’ he said, ‘ there is no need for me to tell you, Mr. Collins, how much damage can be inflicted by flying columns ! We have had experience with your flying columns on land ! ‘
" There was nothing to be said then ! He knew what he was talking about. More than that he knew that I knew !

" But De Valera and Childers saw nothing disadvantageous to us in this prohibition of submarines. Perhaps it would be more nearly accurate to say that De Valera did not visualise the potential value of Irish submarines and that Childers did ! In any event, Document No. 2 conceded this British claim fully. Document No. 2 gave way to England on a point that really mattered ! This cannot be stated too emphatically. Such a concession to British necessity, real or supposed, was nothing but rank dishonesty. LET US AGREE SINCE WE MUST THAT WE SHALL NOT BUILD SUBMARINES, BUT DON’T LET US PRETEND THAT WE ARE DOING IT FROM ANY MOTIVE OTHER THAN THE REAL MOTIVE !

Collins knew that the Irish were about to throw off the yoke of English rule that had existed for 750 years.

The British already knew that Germany had tried to arm the Irish during World War 1 and realized that an Ireland with a submarine force (and a base to operate out of) would cripple the home islands.

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That is one of the major reasons why, to this day, the only Irish submarine ever built is sitting in a museum in Paterson NJ.

Well, that’s all for today. Even though my heritage includes Scottish, Irish, English and Welsh (with a wee spot of Prussian according to Ancestry.com) I like to recognize the achievements of all my forefathers.

Erin go bragh

Mister Mac

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So you want to be a Submariner? (circa 1943) Reply

Every American Bluejacket from the early 1900’s to today receives a copy of the Bluejacket’s Manual. I have been collecting various editions over the years but they seem to be getting harder and harder to find. One of my favorites is the Eleventh Edition from 1943.

Blue Jackest Manual eleventh edition

The war had been going on for over a year by the time this one was released and I am pretty certain it would have been very similar to the one my Dad was issued.

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This wartime issue was illustrated and it is obvious that the Navy was in a transition phase from its sleepy pre-war battleship mentality to the phase where it realized that fighting a war at sea had fundamentally changed. The old rules were no longer applicable and the days of two heavy behemoths slugging it our were already drawing to a close. The advent of airpower and the stealth of the submarine force forced tacticians to go back to the drawing board and re-assess what had previously been gospel.

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Just as in any weapons system, the person behind the weapon would play an instrumental role in its success. Leaders who understand how to operate the systems were critical. But followers were even more important. You needed to have men who could be trusted to do what they said they did.

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Submarining had been around since 1900 in one form or another in the US Fleet. Special training in New London had evolved for the fledgling non-qual and the rapid growth after the Japanese attack required men to volunteer. Imagine if you were a boy from rural Kansas who had never been to sea before and you volunteered for duty on one of these boats. For those of us who served on any boat or ship, that first visit can be a real shock. The smells, the close quarters, the lack of a real place to sleep. In New London, you probably found out how cold cold was. In the South Pacific, you found out how hot hot was. The boats were designed for killing, not comfort.

That Bluejackets Manual you were issued in Boot Camp curiously seemed to skip a lot of details. Chapter 41 starts on page 1132 (one of the longest BJM’s in my collection by the way).

Submarine Service

“The modern type submarines, which are named after fishes, are about 310 feet in length, displace 1,500 tons when on the surface, and carry a crew of 5 officers and 55 men. They are equipped with torpedo tubes in both the bow and stern and mount a 3” gun which may be used against either surface targets or aircraft. Their maximum speed on the surface is about 21 knots, using Diesel engine electric drive, and about 8 knots submerged, using storage batteries and motors.”

When you first look at that description, it doesn’t seem so bad. Even a boy from Kansas knows that 310 feet is about as long as a football field. Heck, you could practically get lost in that much space. I would love to see the look on some of the boys faces when someone showed them that you have to subtract ballast tanks, torpedoes, food, and somehow still have to have room for diesel fuel. That 310 feet of space become pretty small pretty quickly.

But what about the money?

This was an actual attraction for the volunteers.

“Enlisted men assigned to duty aboard receive pay in addition to the pay and allowances of their rating and service as follows:

a) When regularly attached to submarines in commissioned based on shore submarine bases:

(1) Unqualified men, $5.00 per month

(2) Qualified men, $20.00 per month

(3) Chief Petty Officers and First Class after one year from qualification, $25.00 per month

b) When regularly attached to submarines in commission, not based at shore submarine bases and when attached to submarines under construction for the Navy from the time the builders trials commence:

(1) Unqualified men, $10.00 per month

(2) Qualified men, $25.00 per month

(3) Chief Petty Officers and Petty Officers first class, after one year from date of qualification, $30.00 per month”

Holy cow, that’s a lot of money! Well, it actually was back in 1943. The rest of the article goes on to talk in glowing terms about the highly technical nature of the boats. Each man might be eligible for valuable technical training and electrically operated equipment. The final lines talk about the diesels being used that is fast becoming “very common in the merchant marine service and at many shore installations.”

By now the boot has to be pretty excited. Extra money, state of the art equipment, travel and adventure. who could ask for anything more?

He volunteered

What the BJM fails to talk about is the danger and sacrifices these boys are about to make. It says nothing about depth charge attacks, seasickness, crowded and foul smelling quarters, and long days and nights at sea dodging one enemy in order to sink another. In 1943 alone, we lost 17 boats. No amount of extra pay could ultimately wash away that sacrifice.

300px-USS_Amberjack_(SS-219)

The loss of the Amberjack is indicative of that sacrifice, From Wikipedia:

“The last radio transmission received from Amberjack was made on 14 February. She related having been forced down the night before by two destroyers, and that she had recovered from the water and taken prisoner an enemy aviator on 13 February. She was ordered north of latitude 6°30′S, and told to keep hunting for Rabaul traffic.

All further messages to Amberjack remained unanswered, and when, by 10 March, she had failed to make her routine report estimating the time of her arrival at base, she was ordered to do so. No reply was received, and she was reported as presumed lost on 22 March 1943.

Reports received from the enemy after the war record an attack which probably sank Amberjack. On 16 February 1943, Hiyodori and Sub Chaser Number 18 attacked a U.S. submarine with nine depth charges at about 5°05′S 152°37′E Coordinates: 5°05′S 152°37′E. An escorting patrol plane had previously attacked the submarine. A large amount of heavy oil and “parts of the hull” came to the surface. This attack is believed to have sunk Amberjack. However, no final conclusions can be drawn, since Grampus was lost in the same area at about the same time. From the evidence available, it is considered most likely that the attack of 16 February sank Amberjack, but if she did survive this attack, any one of the attacks and sightings thought to have been made on Grampus might have been made on Amberjack.”

One particular sacrifice from her last patrol left a lasting legacy for any submarine sailor ever stationed in Pearl Harbor after her loss. The Submarine Enlisted Men’s Recreation Center was named after Chief Pharmacist’s Mate Arthur C. Beeman, who was killed in the gun battle of 4 February 1943.

The men of the submarine force in World War 2 will always stand as giants as far as I am concerned. They earned every cent of every dollar. But as we all know, it wasn’t about the money after all. It was a grand display of courage in the face of real danger. We can never repay them enough.

Amberjack

Mister Mac

The Price of Wishful Thinking … Sinking the American Fleet 4

 Note: I have to apologize to all of the places I posted the article this afternoon. I realized too late that I was inadvertently placing Michael Moore’s photograph in plain view of anyone who stopped by your site. Normally I refrain from posting obscenities and would like to humbly ask for your pardon in this particular case.

When I see an internet news story like the recent one detailing the shrinking of the American fleet, I get a kick out of reading the comments in the remarks sections.

Socialists  Moore

If you ever want to determine the lack of knowledge of the average internet news story reader, spend a few minutes looking at the remarks from people who are trained to turn on their computer but not their intelligence.

My favorite for today was from a reader who pontificated on the reasonableness of destroying the Navy and all of the armed forces. From their post:

“Also, the international security climate as a whole is becoming more peaceable, there is less need for ridiculous spending on certain parts of the military.”

Before you enlist

Hmmm. Makes you wonder what planet they are living on.

The unfortunate thing is that there are a whole lot of people who feel the same. They are so convinced that everyone else in the world can see their logic that all will be well with just a few more reset buttons pushed by the current regime. How’s that working for you?

Syria, Egypt, Iran, Israel, Russia, Georgia, All of the Stans, Venezuela, the Euro collapse, endless financial problems at home, Mexico, Indonesia, the Philippines, all of Sub Continent Africa, Pirates in Somalia, Jihadists everywhere, Afghanistan, Pakistan with their lose nuclear weapon program, Chinese threats in the far east against the shipping lanes, and on and on. Yep, peace in our time.

Being a Submariner and a historian, I am intimately aware of the history of our country not being prepared for the next war. We seem to be always ready to fight the last war but constantly overwhelmed with leadership that is confident that the world will match our passion for the glory days. I have spent a number of posts talking about attitudes towards sail versus steam, and newfangled toys (submarines and planes) versus battleships. But I am also aware of the cost of not being ready to fight with the weapons we did have because of short sightedness.

Mark_10_torpedoes_problem_fish_early_WWII_800

I have no intention of repeating the torpedo stories from the beginning of World War 2 since they are well covered in other places like these:

http://www.ww2pacific.com/torpedo.html

http://www.fleetsubmarine.com/torpedoes.html

Captain Edward Beach, the submariner-historian said: “The torpedo situation during the first half of the war was a national disgrace and the negligent perpetrators responsible should have been severely punished”.

Torpedo Room     Grunion

The negligent perpetrators were following their national leaders. Before World War 2, the country was just emerging from the Depression. Awareness of costs for things like testing of new torpedoes was a major factor in not properly preparing them for a time when they would be needed.

Is it any wonder

Think about it for a minute

. We had enough submarines to get the war started. They were in the right places. But without torpedoes that worked, we were essentially crippled in our efforts to conduct the type of warfare that may have slowed down the Japanese in the first year of that conflict.

Instead, we sent many of those shipmates to a certain death.

We were unable to slow the Japanese which helped to ensure the slavery of millions and death for an unimaginable number of men, women and children both civilians and service personnel. What price would you have been willing to pay to prevent the torture and suffering of those many people? What treasure could have replaced the fallen Navy man in his Mother and Father’s eyes? How do you put a price on being prepared to prevent another slaughter?

Its unfortunate that our “leaders” have spent us into the poor house trillions of times over. I think a good start in solving that. Lets round them all up and take back the money they accepted for screwing up everything they did. I know that won’t actually happen, but imagine in your lifetime if you cost your company more money that it was capable of earning in the next ten years. Would you still be working?

National defense is not a luxury item that you only fund when its politically correct.

National defense is an investment to ensure we have a future. In all of man’s history, there has never been a country like the United States. In all of man’s history, there has never been a time where we have not had wars and conflicts. There should not be any question based on that history that there will be another global conflict. The only question is “when” that conflict will occur.

What about the cost?

There is always a cost. A manageable way of controlling those costs is to ensure that an efficient value stream is maintained on a regular basis. Continuous improvement in cost, quality, delivery, price and manufacturing can result in a steady stream of needed innovation to give the United States a technical and practical edge. True competition and investments in national priorities can help to ensure we are looking at the next need. There is even a school of thought that says that if we do it right, we can prevent wars through preparedness.

If you shut off the value stream, there are consequences.

The companies that provided the ships, planes, weapons, electronics, and so on will gradually lose their ability to provide those items and services on demand. With the loss of business, you also lose the knowledge and skills used to provide those resources. The suppliers that were in their value stream fall away and take up other occupations. So even if the flow was turned back on, something as simple as a screw being missing could prevent the missile from being manufactured in the time frame needed.

In my last job, we went through the agony of seeing the workforce laid off.

The recession cut deep into manufacturing and we could not sustain having so many highly paid technicians standing idly by without orders to fill. Months went by and our suppliers also had to react to decreased orders. Many did not survive the downturn at all.

Then one day, our customers started calling again. Their customers were seeing some light and they needed our components. So we called back our workers and retrained many of them to the newer jobs (as well as some of their old ones). We ramped up production and hit a solid stone wall. Our suppliers (the ones that survived) had a limited amount of inventory on hand and some of it was obsolete. We raced to get new suppliers but even they had to go through the proving process to ensure quality assurance in our final product.

Do you think the customer gave a crap about our problems?

Not a bit. They just saw an opportunity to make money to survive passing them by. It was obvious that the alternative was for us to fill his orders or he would make the decision to go somewhere else.

When it comes to defense, there is no place else. Because of a great number of factors (most of them political) we have a limited amount of primary providers. The value stream of parts and services to support them is just as fragile. We have not protected our manufacturing base as we “globalized”. If we do not carefully manage this current trend in “right-sizing” we will find ourselves for want of a nail at the time we need it most. I wonder if the next enemy will be polite enough to wait for us to ramp back up again?

As you look at your leaders in the coming months, look carefully at the ones who recognize the consequences of these decisions. Call them out on it. If the answer does not include a plan to defend this nation, carefully consider if this person is worth the vote you will cast. No Party’s. Only a person who will eventually make decisions that effect all of our futures.

As the old saying goes, you can pay me now, or you can pay me later. But you will pay.

image012

Mister Mac

He ain’t heavy, he’s my brother 18

I don’t believe an accident of birth makes people sisters or brothers. It makes them siblings, gives them mutuality of parentage. Sisterhood and brotherhood is a condition people have to work at. ~Maya Angelou

If you are lucky in life, you get to have a real brother. This is no reflection on my actual siblings that I grew up with, but with the exception of my Brother Little Mac, I didn’t find out what “brother” really meant till later in life. (Little Mac is the guy trying to escape in the picture bellow. We spent nearly four years together on the USS San Francisco SSN 711) Don’t get me wrong, I would still honor all of the “family” obligations. We come from a very long line family connections dating back to the family’s arrival in the US.

MacPhersons 1960's 2nd

Brotherhood means a lot more to me now. A brother is someone who calls or writes an email without you sending one first. He is the one who laughs at your corny jokes but pokes you for them from time to time. During those difficult times in your life, a brother never feels awkward about reaching out to you and keeping your spirits up. They give you the seat of honor at their house, look forward to sharing a special drink that you only have on special occasions, and never fail to let you know that they love you (even when you don’t feel like someone worth loving.)

A sibling is someone who remembers every stupid thing you ever did growing up and brings it up at the annual family gathering. A brother only remembers the cool stuff you did and is proud of those days. A sibling is still concerned about the birth order and how much of a leader they should be as they get older. A brother remembers that all of us are equal in God’s eyes and respects you for your rightful place. A sibling will show up at your bedside when you are sick because he should, a brother does it because he really wants to be there.

Brothers in bunk beds

Like most people, I have learned this in stages. As a kid, I slept in a bedroom with my three siblings. We had bunk beds which made it easy for me to transition to boot camp when I graduated from High School. We were just far enough apart in age not to be in the same schools at the same time. Our “shared” experiences were limited to some family events and some church things. I do remember there seemed to be a lot of fighting.

Grandmas Staircase

All of us had our own experiences growing up except for the time I ran away from home and Little Mac followed. I yelled at him for a while to go home but he decided to follow me anyway. I can’t remember how old we were but I do remember he was not in school yet. The end result was that we made it about thirteen miles before giving up and calling home. Mom was madder then heck and I think she broke her wooden spoon on my back side. Recognizing the futility of trying to run away before I could actually drive or earn a living delayed my actual escape until the Navy.

Brothers in boot camp

Bob Boot Camp Team         scan0002

My first real taste of brotherhood was in boot camp. You suddenly find yourself in a very strange environment and they strip away all of the things that made you comfortable. In a short period of time though, you find that in your shared experience, you learn to depend on each other. By graduation, you feel like all of you combined could beat the entire enemy fleet with no effort. Youth, ego, and the introduction to your first real sets of brothers gives you a feeling of being bulletproof. It doesn’t last long.

Brothers on boats

SSBN 598 A gang

A school and sub school are not as focused on making new brothers. Even the ones who you went to boot camp with drift to other schools and the camaraderie goes on a hiatus. When you get to the boat, you are a non-qual nub. Reporting on board the George-fish, I found out that there are few things more worthless than a non-qual. Fortunately for me, I was not the only new guy so I had a lot of people who I would grow to be brothers with. We forged our friendships and became brothers by sharing our misery, sharing our hard and very long days, and sharing our victories.

January 21, 1961 is the date that marks the completion of the first ballistic missile patrol. She spent 66 days at sea submerged and accomplished her mission. She would continue to do so 54 more times. I will go to my grave believing that the work her crews did helped to prevent the world from spiraling out of control. It also forged a lot of brotherhood through the years. The link will take you to some rare footage of the GW…

http://ia600407.us.archive.org/30/items/1960-11-17_Nuclear_Navy/1960-11-17_Nuclear_Navy_512kb.mp4

I had many other opportunities to find and make “brothers” along the way. I will forever be indebted to their help and comradeship as we all made our way through the years.

Brothers in life

Although not as common, it is still possible to develop a brotherhood with people you meet along the way. I have been blessed to have those brothers in my life. The thing is I don’t need to name the ones who fit that role because they are reading this and smiling. I can’t begin to tell you how grateful I am to each of you for enriching my life. I hope you can say the same.

Brothers

Mister Mac

One other thing I discovered… a brother reads your blog even though he is very busy and actually tells you he laughed at the places he was supposed to. God Bless you Brother

Update: There have been a lot of my Brothers who have joined (or sadly may have passed) since the first time I blogged this.

I am eternally grateful for your friendship, love, and help during one of the most difficult years in my life.

You will never know how much that made all the difference.

For the hundreds of “brothers” and “sisters” who took the time to remember to say Happy Birthday, be assured, I will never forget. For those who are actual “family” who did not, I will try not to remember. It’s the least I can do in return for the least you did.